O le faatulagaina o lysosomes ma o latou matafaioi i le metabolism feaveai

e mafai ona iloiloina le sela o fausaga ultramicroscopic ola, ua faaeeina i le vaega uma na fananau mai i le tino. elemene feaveai taʻua organelles, faatino le galuega tauave o le respiratory, fanautama, faaesea, faʻamalūga. Lysosomes - o se tasi o ituaiga o organelles. O i latou o odnomembrannym fausaga ma galuega tauave faapitoa e faatatau i le faʻamalūga o vailaau ma elemene feaveai atoa i le cytoplasm. I lenei pepa tatou suesue i le faatulagaga o lysosomes ma faamatala o latou matafaioi i le ola ai o le sela.

A o organelles faia

Sui odnomembrannye vacuoles faatumulia i enzymes digestive, lysosomes ua faia i tane Golgi lavelave ma ua valaauina autu. Le auala latou ulufafo le masini i le cytoplasm feaveai. Faʻatasi cytostructure amata lysosomes faaleagaina e mitiia po o le lepetia i lalo o le mataupu faatulagaina, ua latou maua igoa lona lua.

ua tumu nei organelles ma fofo o enzymes mafai ona cleavage o carbohydrate molecules, glycolipids ma polotini. O lena lysosomes lona lua o loo i ai sea mea biologically malolosi e pei o proteases, lipases ma sulfurylase. O le internals o le organelle ua itiiti ifo nai lo TA 7, talu loo toaaga le enzymes i luga i se siosiomaga acid. e mafai ona Organelles o endocytosis po pinocytosis. Faavaeina lysosomes e faalagolago tele lea i le polotini patino i se sela faia i luga o le auala o granular reticulum endoplasmic.

Le tuufaatasiga vailaau o le Taiala fausaga ma lysosomes

Faaauau pea ona suesue i le uiga o lysosomes, mafaufau i le faia mea tonu lava o lo latou siosiomaga i totonu. o loo i ai faigata Enzyme e sili ona taua: phosphorylase (cleaves acids amino), glucosidase (gaoioiga i le kulukose, cellulose, māsoā) ma lipase (molecular faamautinoa gaʻo le faafanoga, steroids).

membrane organelle lava e tetee atu i enzymes taua i luga. I nisi tulaga, o le a avea e lilifa atu i latou gaoioiga, lea e taitai atu autolysis - lava faataapeina o le membrane, ina ia o Taiala mea faigata sasaa i le cytoplasm feaveai. tau atu i lona lava faʻamalūga lenei.

galuega tauave organelle

E iloa lelei le taua o le faagasologa i tali metabolic le faalauiloaina o le lafoaia o otaota mea po o ni fausaga feaveai, e pei o mitochondria tuai, ribosomes. gaoioiga enzymatic maualuga o organelles vaaia i latou sela, valaauina phagocytic. O luga faatulagaga uma o le faiga sao: basophils, macrophages, neutrophils, lymphocytes B. lysosomes Peraimeri i na sela lava le tele (e oo atu 0.5 microns). O loo i ai enzymes e pei o ribonuclease, protease, DNase. O faatulagaga o loo faamatalaina e faapea: sela mafai ona phagocytosis, cleaved muamua siama ma siama fasimea o loo polotini ma acids ribonucleic.

auala malie e tuuina organelles gaoioiga proteolytic. Fafo fasimea po molecules ua maileia muamua vacuole. I ai merges lysosome autu, lea e tatala enzymes hydrolytic. O lenei o lea organelle taʻua o le lysosome lua amata faʻamalū malosi e maua e le mea o Taiala. O le cleavage oloa toe faasalalauina i totonu o le sela hyaloplasm ma undigested toega teuina i totonu o organelles, lea ua taʻua nei o le sela residual. O le faatulagaina i luga o le lysosomes o ituaiga eseese, ma faamatala le galuega tauave autu o nei fausaga feaveai.

O le matafaioi a organelles i tali metabolic o le tino o le tagata

Afai e gaosia lava enzymes i le lysosomes, ei ai se le lava o i latou, e tau atu i faamai tuʻufaʻasolo mai i tupuaga ogaoga, e pei o metachromatic leukodystrophy. O le faatulagaina o lysosomes i lenei pathology le lē. I lo latou o Taiala o loo misi pe ua i ai i se sulfatase tulaga toaaga - pipii enzymes cerebrosides. A o oloa o metabolism i le sela o le pepa solo popole, e tatau ona faamatuu atu, ae o le leai o enzymes talafeagai tau atu i le faaputuga o nei tuufaatasi i le neuroglia ma hyaloplasm neurocytes. mafua toxicity lenei i totonu o le pepa solo popole ua avea ai le faiai ma le maea alio. O se taunuuga - le atinae o abnormalities faaletino ma retardation mafaufau.

O lea, odnomembrannye organelle nafa ma le faʻamalūga o mea, taaalo a lava matafaioi taua i metabolism feaveai. I le galuega lenei ua tatou suesue i le faatulagaga o lysosomes, ua matou maua ia latou matafaioi ma le taua i gaoioiga feaveai ma le tino o le tagata atoa e pei o se atoa.